Brief Introduction

Synonyms--- Puncture Vine, Caltrop, Yellow Vine, Goathead (Chinese: Bai-Ji-Li白蒺藜)

Protodioscin

Chemical Name: 26-O-beta-D-Glycopyranosyl-22-hydroxyfurost-5-ene-3beta, 26-diol-3-O-beta-diglucorhamnoside
Molecular Formula: C₃₃H₄₀O₁₅

Mol. Wt.:1049.199

Molecular Structure:

Protodioscinis a steroidal saponin compound found in a number of plant species, most notably in the Tribulus, Trigonella and Dioscorea families. It is best known as the putative active component of the herbal aphrodisiac plant Tribulus terrestris.

Diosgenin:

Chemical Name: (3β,25R)-spirost-5-en-3-ol
CAS number:512-04-9

Molecular Formula: C₂₇H₄₂O₃

Mol. Wt.:414.62058

Molecular Structure:

Diosgenin, a steroid sapogenin, is the product of hydrolysis by acids, strong bases, or enzymes of saponins, extracted from the tubers of Dioscorea wild yam and Fructus of Tribulus Terrestris. The sugar-free (aglycone), diosgenin is used for the commercial synthesis of cortisone, pregnenolone, progesterone, and other steroid products

Ruscogenin:

Chemical Name: (1B,3B,25R)-SPIROST-5-ENE-1,3-DIOL, (25R)-spirost-5-ene-1-beta,3-beta-diol, Spirost-5-ene-1,3-diol, (1.beta.,3.beta.,25R)-

CAS number: 472-11-7

Molecular Formula: C27H42O4

Mol. Wt.:430.62

Molecular Structure:

Hecogenin:

Chemical Name: 3beta-Hydroxy-5alpha-spirostan-12-one; 5alpha-Spirostan-3beta-ol-12-one

CAS number: 467-55-0

Molecular Formula: C₂₇H₄₂O₄

Mol. Wt.:430.62

Molecular Structure:

Tribulus terrestrisis a flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae.It is a native of warm temperate and tropical regions of the Old World in southern Europe, southern Asia, throughout Africa, and in northern Australia. It can thrive even in desert climates and poor soil. It is a taprooted herbaceous perennial plant that grows as a summer annual in colder climates.

Tribulus terrestris is a herb that has been used in the traditional medicine of China and India for centuries.

The Tribulus terrestris Extract used in dietary supplements is derived from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L.

Benefits

• Aphrodisiac

• Improve infertility, erectile dysfunction, and low libido

• Improve energy level (Improve vitality)

• Increase levels of the men’s hormones testosterone (by increasing luteinizing hormone) and DHEA

• Increase women’s estrogen.

• Tonic the body

• Treat Urinary disorders and impotence

• Treat Kidney disease and gravel

• Treat heart disease

• Benefit Women health (strength the postpartum woman)

• Positive effect on bone marrow activity (for red blood cell production)

• Improve the immune system.

Mechanism

The active compounds in tribulus are called steroidal saponins. Two types, called furostanol glycosides and spirostanol glycosides, appear to be involved with the effects of tribulus. Those saponins include protodioscin, disogenin, gitogenin, chlorogenin, ruscogenin, 25-D-spirosta-3, 5-diene, chlorogentih, hecogenin, neotigogenin, and etc.The primarily active chemical in T. terrestris is likely to be protodioscin (PTN), a cousin to DHEA. All them together make Tribulus terrestris extract is a closest, strongest and all-natural herb alternative to synthetic anabolic hormones.

Safety

Adverse effects from supplementation with Tribulus terrestris are rare and tend to be insignificant.

Some users report an upset stomach, which can usually be counteracted by taking it with food.

Another rare side effect which has been reported is gynaecomastia, which while potentially problematic does tend to support the purported androgenic-anabolic effects of this plant.

Pregnant or nursing women should not use tribulus.
An increase in breast size (called gynaecomastia) in a young male weight trainer was reported after he took a herbal tablet containing tribulus.
People with hormone-dependent conditions, such as breast or prostate cancer, should not use Tribulus terrestris.

Dosage

• The typical dose is 300-750mg per day (usually in 2-3 doses with meals throughout the day).
• Consult physicians for different condition specifics.

GNI’s Tribulus Terrestris Features and Benefits:

Tribulus Terrestris Extract is one of GNI's most competitive products, with many advantages as list in the following, produced as our patent-pending process and know-how technology from Tribulus Terrestris L.fruits.

• Produced with pure water only

• High purity: over 60% Total Steroidal Sapanins (Tribulosides) UV and 25% Protodioscin HPLC

• NO solvent - residual free

• Pesticide-free

• Natural Brown-Yellow in appearance

• High solubility in water

• High anti-bacteria, and longer shelf life

Product Specifications:

20%, 25% Protodioscin HPLC

20%, 40%, 60% Total SteroidalSaponins (T