Brief Introduction

Synonyms--- Myrtle Blueberry, Fraughan

Cyanidin ( A particular type of Anthocyanidin)

Chemical Name: 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl) chromenylium-3,5,7-triol

Molecular Formula:  C₁₅H₁₁O₆⁺

Mol. Wt.:287.24

Molecular Structure::

Anthocyanidins include (as known already) the followings:

Note: Not to be confused with Anthocyanins, which are glycosides of Anthocyanidins.

Anthocyanidinsare common plant pigments. They are the sugar-free counterparts of anthocyanins based on the flavylium ion or 2-phenylchromenylium (chromenylium is referred also to as benzopyrylium). They form a large group of polymethine dye. In particular anthocyanidins are salt derivatives of the 2-phenylchromenylium cation, also known as flavylium cation. The phenyl group at the 2-position can carry different substituents. The counterion of the flavylium cation is mostly chloride. With this positive charge, the anthocyanidins differ from other flavonoids. And 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins are a class of anthocyanidins lacking a hydroxyl group on carbon 3.

Anthocyanidinsare natural organic compounds. They are pigments found in many redberries including but not limited to grapes, bilberry, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, cranberry, elderberry, hawthorn, loganberry, acai berry and raspberry. They can also be found in other fruits such as apples and plums. They are also found in red cabbage. Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) are the best of them. They have characteristic color, though this can change with pH, red ph < 3, violet at pH 7-8, blue at pH > 11. The highest concentrations of Anthocyanidins are found in the skin of the fruit.

Bilberryis any of several species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium (family Ericaceae), bearing edible fruits. The species most often referred to is Vaccinium myrtillus L., but there are several other closely related species.

The Anthocyanidins used in dietary supplements is derived from the fruits of European Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillusL.). The fresh fruit contains about 0.1% to 0.25% Anthocyanidins.

Benefits

•  Antioxidant Effect

•  Radical-Scavenging Effect

•  Anti-cancer

•  Cardiovascular Protection

•  Inhibit Obesity

•  Inhibit Diabetes

•  Eyesight Improving Effect

Mechanism

Bilberry aids circulation and therefore benefits all areas of the body, especially the eyes. Bilberry contains antioxidant flavonoids called anthocyanidins, which may help strengthen capillaries, improve blood flow and help to maintain cell wall flexibility, thus preventing of treating visual problems such as cataracts, macular degeneration, night blindness and glaucoma. Bilberry is also used to decrease calcium plaque deposits on blood vessel walls and is also effective in preventing excessive bleeding when taken prior to surgery. In Europe, it is the herb of choice to regulate heart beat and normalizes blood flow.

Anthocyanidins have putative antioxidant and radical-scavenging effects which may protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. One theory is that dietary intake of Anthocyanidins may inhibit development of obesity and diabetes as well as contain inflammatory mechanisms. And it is said it have eyesight improving effects. Other studies have generally shown that the glucoside derivative of Anthocyanidins may have a role in cancer therapy.

Safety

Bilberry is safe

Dosage

•  The typical dose is 300-900mg per day (usually in 2-3 doses throughout the day).
•  Consult physicians for different condition specifics.

GNI’s Bilberry Extract Features and Benefits:

Bilberry is one of GNI's most competitive products, with many advantages as list in the following, produced as our patent-pending process and know-how technology from Vaccinium myrtillusL. fruit(berry).

•  Produced with pure water only

•  High purity: over 25%

•  NO solvent - residual free

•  Pesticide-free

•  Dark Violet in appearance

•  High solubility in water

•  High anti-bacteria, and longer shelf life